Protobothrops jerdoniiis one of the main venomous snakes in China, a reptile of the genus Protobothrops of the family Viperidae. It is also known commonly as Jerdon's pitviper, the yellow-speckled pit viper, and the oriental pit viper.

It is a snake in the middle and high latitudes, which is widely distributed. Within its range in China, it is generally distributed vertically above 1,500 meters above sea level, with the highest distribution record of 3,160 meters at Qiliba, Zhaoge County, Sichuan Province.

There are four subspecies of Protobothrops jerdonii.Although slightly different, they are highly similar in appearance. Most of them have black and yellow intermixed on the back. Each back scale has a different proportion of black and yellow color composition. Some yellow is close to grass yellow, some similar to cauliflower yellow. With the colorful appearance, they look like stylishly dressed "noblewomen".